SKIN CRACKS
What they are
A skin crack is a linear ulcer (fixation) that affects the skin or mucous membranes. A lesion that goes from the epidermis to the superficial layer of the dermis, therefore appears as a shallow cut.
The most affected areas are the most worn areas: the hands, feet, lips and nostrils, nipples, the anorectal region.
Usually on the hands appear on the fingers as multiple injuries, as single lesions. If the pretty one is dehydrated: the skin shows itself
dry and rough to the touch.
Causes
The skin cracks are easily present where the skin is thinner, less elastic. There are numerous risk factors:
- cold and winter, when the skin is more dehydrated, because the cold causes vasoconstriction of the blood vessels of the skin dermis;
- the extreme heat, on the contrary, tends to dehydrate the skin;
- humidity, which tends to dry the skin;
- extended baths and showers in hot water, which dry the skin by removing the protective lipid layer (the sebum);
- hand washes too frequent;
- age, because the skin becomes thinner and dehydrated; and with the decrease of subcutaneous fat;
- dermatological diseases, such as: atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, psoriasis, dyshidrosis, all conditions in which the skin “becomes more exposed to lacerations;
- the arthrosis of the hands, due to the reduced vascularization;
- diseases that alter the normal flow of blood at the extremities, such as Raynaud’s phenomenon, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma;
- diabetes mellitus, due to the consequent diabetic angiopathy;
- the professions that expose the subject to frequent washing with water added with detergents and detergents;
- repeated rubbing traumas that alter the hydrolipidic film of the skin;
Symptoms
The skin cracks manifest themselves as:
- superficial cuts, but sometimes also deep;
- cracks that rarely exceed 2 cm in length;
- often with the presence of dried blood (crust);
- rather painful during daily manual activities;
- bleeding lesions or from which serum can escape;
- sometimes, like itchy lesions.
The areas most affected are the fingertips, interdigital spaces and the skin around the nails.
The surrounding skin may appear reddened, dehydrated, rough to the touch; show signs of irritation or a real inflammation, areas of desquamation and cause the sensation of “pulling” skin.
Seasonality and Prevention
There is certainly a seasonal variation in the appearance of the cracks.
During the winter, the skin tends to be drier and less elastic, and therefore breaks more easily, while in summer it is more difficult to occur.
The important thing is to keep the skin always well hydrated, a habit that must be observed daily, especially after each wash, to prevent it from drying out and breaking down.
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